{"id":1542,"date":"2016-12-22T18:12:10","date_gmt":"2016-12-22T16:12:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/?p=1542"},"modified":"2016-12-22T18:22:37","modified_gmt":"2016-12-22T16:22:37","slug":"yeni-2017-ci-il","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/?p=1542","title":{"rendered":"YEN\u0130 2017-C\u0130 \u0130L"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"1q5\"<\/a>Bu bayramin yaranmas\u0131n\u0131n az\u0131 25 \u0259srlik tarixi var. \u0130lin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sini bayram etm\u0259k ad\u0259ti ilk d\u0259f\u0259 q\u0259dim mesopotamiyada yaran\u0131b. Tarix\u00e7i aliml\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, m\u0259hz h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 burada yeni ilin g\u0259li\u015fi ilk d\u0259f\u0259 bayram edilib. Martin axirinda d\u0259cl\u0259 v\u0259 f\u0259rat \u00e7aylarinda suyun s\u0259viyy\u0259si artanda \u0259kin-bi\u00e7in i\u015fl\u0259ri ba\u015flayarmi\u015f.\u00a0 12 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li m\u0259rasiml\u0259r davam ed\u0259rmi\u015f. B\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259ri, c\u0259zalar t\u0259xir\u0259 salinarmi\u015f. H\u0259min d\u00f6vr\u0259 aid gil kitab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131lmi\u015f m\u0259tn\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, bu bayramda “qul a\u011faya \u00e7evril\u0259rmi\u015f”. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, “karnaval” s\u00f6z\u00fc babil dilind\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259d\u0259 “g\u0259mi-d\u0259niz” dem\u0259kdir. Bu da m\u0259rd\u00fck\u00fcn d\u0259cl\u0259d\u0259 \u00fczm\u0259sil\u0259 ba\u011fli ayinl\u0259rd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n ifad\u0259dir. Bayram g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259n birind\u0259 m\u0259rd\u00fck\u00fcn d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t ilah\u0259si, ilanba\u015fli tiamatla d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fc s\u0259hn\u0259si canlandirilarmi\u015f. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, m\u0259rd\u00fck\u00fcn qalib g\u0259l\u0259rmi\u015f. Babilistan \u0259sirliyind\u0259 olan\u00a0y\u0259hudil\u0259r\u00a0yeni il bayrami \u0259n\u0259n\u0259sini babill\u0259rd\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k sonradan onu yunanlara \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcbl\u0259r. Yunanlar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 is\u0259 bu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259\u00a0q\u0259rbi avropaya\u00a0yayilib.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fqa bir m\u0259nb\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259,\u00a0q\u0259dim \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259\u00a0iran\u00a0d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yenic\u0259 yaranma\u011fa ba\u015fladi\u011fi d\u00f6vrd\u0259 iranlilarin artiq t\u0259qviml\u0259ri var imi\u015f. Onlar bilirmi\u015fl\u0259r ki, ilin bir g\u00fcn\u00fc var ki, h\u0259min g\u00fcn \u0259n qisa g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u0259n uzun gec\u0259yl\u0259 n\u00f6vb\u0259l\u0259\u015fir. V\u0259 bu g\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra h\u0259yatverici g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f s\u0259mada get-ged\u0259 daha \u00e7ox b\u0259rq vurur, t\u0259bi\u0259t oyanma\u011fa ba\u015flayir v\u0259 h\u0259yat cansixici qi\u015f \u2013 y\u0259ni \u00f6l\u00fcm \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u00e7alir. Q\u0259dim hindlil\u0259r v\u0259 farslar m\u00fcasir t\u0259qviml\u0259 dekabrin 22-n\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf ed\u0259n h\u0259min g\u00fcn\u00fc “g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f qapisi” adlandirarmi\u015flar. Sonralar h\u0259min g\u00fcn\u00a0g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f\u00a0tanrisi mitranin do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc kimi qeyd edilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayir. Q\u0259dim romada\u00a0t\u0259qvim aylarindaki g\u00fcnl\u0259rin sayi m\u00fcxt\u0259lif idi. H\u0259tta r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259t verib onlari d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259k d\u0259 olardi. Lakin bir g\u00fcn d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259z idi. Yeni il h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 yanvarin 1-i g\u0259lirdi v\u0259 mitranin do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc \u2013 i\u015fi\u011fin qaranliq \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259 bununla \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u018fsrl\u0259r ke\u00e7di. Roma d\u00f6vl\u0259ti r\u0259smi olaraq xristian d\u00f6vl\u0259ti kimi tanindi. V\u0259 m\u0259lum oldu ki,\u00a0isa pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin\u00a0do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259 el\u0259 dekabrin son g\u00fcnl\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Bel\u0259c\u0259 bu bayram h\u0259m yeni ilin g\u0259li\u015fini, h\u0259m h\u0259yatin \u00f6l\u00fcm \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259sini, h\u0259m d\u0259\u00a0milad\u00a0g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyanin h\u0259r yerind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar yeni ili eyni \u00fcmidl\u0259rl\u0259 \u2014 xo\u015f m\u00f6c\u00fcz\u0259l\u0259r, yeni u\u011furlar, xo\u015fb\u0259xtlik arzusuyla g\u00f6zl\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 bayrami h\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6z ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun qar\u015filayir. Avropa \u00f6lk\u0259si olan Fransada \u015faxta baba Per Noel \u2014 y\u0259ni noel ata adlanir. O, yeni il gec\u0259si g\u0259lir v\u0259 evin balaca sakinl\u0259rinin ba\u015fma\u011fina h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259r qoyur.<\/p>\n

Yeni Ild\u0259 Isve\u00e7r\u0259d\u0259<\/span>\u00a0insanlar bir-birin\u0259 \u015fam h\u0259diyy\u0259 edirl\u0259r ki, bu da dostlu\u011fun v\u0259 sevincin r\u0259mzidir.<\/p>\n

Italiyada Yeni Ild\u0259<\/span>\u00a0u\u015faqlarin is\u0259 \u015faxta babalari yox, \u015faxta n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri var. Onun adi Befan N\u0259n\u0259dir. Bu \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 yeni ili b\u0259rkd\u0259n qi\u015fqiraraq qar\u015filamaq ad\u0259ti var. Ucadan dani\u015fmaq italyanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn adi hal olsa da yeni il gec\u0259si onlar \u00f6z s\u0259sl\u0259rin\u0259 tam s\u0259rb\u0259stlik verirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyada Bayram G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/span>\u00a0evd\u0259 ideal t\u0259mizlik v\u0259 qanun-qayda h\u00f6km s\u00fcrm\u0259lidir. Gec\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rk\u0259n ail\u0259nin ba\u015f\u00e7isi ill\u0259rin yerd\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn evin b\u00fct\u00fcn qapilarini geni\u015f a\u00e7ir. Daha sonra qapi ba\u011flanir v\u0259 ev\u0259 ilk g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k qonaq h\u0259y\u0259can v\u0259 s\u0259birsizlikl\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259nilir.<\/p>\n

Yeni Ild\u0259 Islandiyada<\/span>\u00a0ki\u00e7ikl\u0259r \u00f6z valideynl\u0259rini xeyli t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u0259ndirirl\u0259r. Bu balaca \u00e7oxbilmi\u015fl\u0259r \u015faxta babanin onlara g\u00f6z qoymasindan ehtiyatlanaraq ay boyu \u00f6zl\u0259rini yax\u015fi aparir, d\u0259c\u0259llik etmirl\u0259r. \u018fks halda bayram gec\u0259si sobanin yanina qoyduqlari \u00e7\u0259km\u0259l\u0259rin i\u00e7ind\u0259 kartof v\u0259 ya bir par\u00e7a k\u00f6m\u00fcr tapa bil\u0259rl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Almanlar Yeni Il<\/span>\u00a0gec\u0259si saat 12-ni vurark\u0259n ovuclarinda metal pul sixaraq tullanirlar. Inanirlar ki, bunu ets\u0259l\u0259r yeni il daha b\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tli olacaq.<\/p>\n

Ispaniyada Bayram G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/span>\u00a0hami \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u0259rk\u0259zi meydanina axi\u015fir. \u00dcz\u00fcm yem\u0259y\u0259. H\u0259m d\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259. H\u0259r k\u0259s m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n vaxt \u0259rzind\u0259 12 salxim \u00fcz\u00fcm yem\u0259lidir. Bayram ax\u015fami k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r qurulur. Bu onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnd\u00fcr ki, pis q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r k\u00f6hn\u0259 ild\u0259 ili\u015fib qalsin.<\/p>\n

Yeni il Rusiyada<\/span>\u00a0\u0259n \u00e7ox sevil\u0259n bayramdir. U\u015faqlar yeni ild\u0259n h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259r, b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u0259r is\u0259 s\u0259ad\u0259t, xo\u015fb\u0259xtlik g\u00f6zl\u0259yir. Bu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259nin \u0259sasi 300 il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l birinci Pyotrun \u0259mri il\u0259 qoyulub. \u018fmrd\u0259, h\u0259m\u00e7inin a\u011fac b\u0259z\u0259m\u0259k d\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapib. M\u0259hz k\u00fcknar a\u011faci 19-cu \u0259srin axirlarinda d\u0259b\u0259 mindi.<\/p>\n

\u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259, h\u0259yat r\u0259mzi olan \u015fam a\u011facinin b\u0259z\u0259nm\u0259si tarixi xristianliqdan \u0259vv\u0259l ba\u015flayib v\u0259 hansisa bir dinl\u0259 ba\u011fli deyil. H\u0259l\u0259 miladdan \u00e7ox-\u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259l\u00a0q\u0259dim misirin\u00a0sakinl\u0259ri dekabrin \u0259n qisa g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fil palma a\u011faclarini evl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u0259tirirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Druidl\u0259r palid budaqlarina qizil almalar asib qi\u015f bayramini qeyd edirdil\u0259r. Orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 qirmizi almalarla b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015f h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259ya\u015fil a\u011faclar dekabrin 25-d\u0259\u00a0qeyd edil\u0259n\u00a0ad\u0259m\u00a0v\u0259\u00a0h\u0259vva\u00a0 bayraminin r\u0259mzi idi.<\/p>\n

Yeni ilin \u015fam a\u011faci haqqinda ilk yazili m\u0259lumat xvi \u0259sr\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. H\u0259min m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, o vaxt alman \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri olan strasburqda yeni il gec\u0259si h\u0259m kasib, h\u0259m d\u0259 adli-sanli zad\u0259gan ail\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 k\u00fcknar a\u011faclari r\u0259ngli ka\u011fizlar, meyv\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 \u015firniyyatla b\u0259z\u0259dilirmi\u015f. Vaxt ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 bu ad\u0259t b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00a0avropaya\u00a0yayilir. Yeni d\u00fcnyaya \u2014 amerikaya yolkani burada m\u0259skunla\u015fan almanlar g\u0259tiribl\u0259r.\u00a01851-ci ild\u0259 burada ilk d\u0259f\u0259 t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yolka f\u0259n\u0259rl\u0259rinin yandirilmasi m\u0259rasimi ke\u00e7irilib. Bel\u0259c\u0259 \u015fam a\u011faci b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada m\u0259\u015fhurla\u015fib.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu bayramin yaranmas\u0131n\u0131n az\u0131 25 \u0259srlik tarixi var. \u0130lin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sini bayram etm\u0259k ad\u0259ti ilk d\u0259f\u0259 q\u0259dim mesopotamiyada yaran\u0131b. Tarix\u00e7i aliml\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, m\u0259hz h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 burada yeni ilin g\u0259li\u015fi ilk d\u0259f\u0259 bayram edilib. Martin axirinda d\u0259cl\u0259 v\u0259 f\u0259rat \u00e7aylarinda suyun s\u0259viyy\u0259si artanda \u0259kin-bi\u00e7in i\u015fl\u0259ri ba\u015flayarmi\u015f.\u00a0 12 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li m\u0259rasiml\u0259r davam ed\u0259rmi\u015f. B\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259ri, c\u0259zalar<\/p>\n

Daha \u0259trafl\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sas"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1542","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1542"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1542\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1545,"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1542\/revisions\/1545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/rif.gdu.edu.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}